1. 2001;4;358-365Prevalence of Opioid Abuse in Interventional Pain Medicine Practice Settings:Settings: A Randomized Clinical Evaluation
   An Original Article
   Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Vidyasagar Pampati, MSc, Kim S. Damron, RN, Bert Fellows, MA, Renee C. Barnhill, RN, and Carla D. Beyer, RN.

While drug therapy is one of the most commonly used modalities of treatment in managing persistent or chronic pain, controversy continues with regards to the appropriate use of controlled substances, specifically opioid analgesics, in interventional pain medicine settings.

This study included 100 randomly selected patients receiving opioids in an interventional pain medicine setting. The patient’s controlled substance profile was evaluated using multiple means. The patients were divided into two groups, with 76 patients in the non-abuse group and 24 patients in the abuse group after data collection. There were no significant differences noted either in demographic characteristics or psychological characteristics, except for a higher prevalence of depression in the abuse group.

In conclusion, there was significant abuse of opioids in an interventional pain medicine setting, with an incidence of 24%, with frequent abuse seen in almost half of these patients. Thus, it is important for interventional pain physicians to recognize this possibility and also to recognize that there is no definite physiologic, psychologic or demographic information to suggest abuse, even though depression was more prevalent in abuse patients.

Keywords: Opioids, chronic pain, physical dependency, psychological dependency, drug addiction, drug abuse, controlled substance contract