1. 2004;7;327-331A New and Easy Technique to Block the Stellate Ganglion
   A Technical Report
   Salahadin Abdi, MD, PhD, Yili Zhou, MD, PhD, Nilesh Patel, MD, Bhupinder Saini, MD, and John Nelson, MD.

The stellate ganglion block has been utilized in a variety of painful conditions ranging from sympathetically mediated pain in the upper extremity to the pain associated with intractable angina. A number of techniques are used to block the stellate ganglion.

Objective: To describe a new and easy approach to block the stellate ganglion using an oblique view.

Description of a New Technique: The patient is placed in the supine position with the new slightly extended, and the head rotated slightly to the side opposite the side to be blocked. The fluoroscopic beam is directed in an anteroposterior direction until the C5/6 disc is well visualized. Subsequently, the fluoroscopic beam is rotated obliquely, ipsilateral to the side where blockade is desired. Under real-time imaging, a single pass is made with a 25-gauge spinal needle to contact the bone. At this point, the needle tip is contacting and resting at the junction between the uncinate process and the vertebral body.

Conclusion : We have described a new approach for stellate ganglion block to be performed under oblique fluoroscopy without technical difficulty or complications.

Keywords: Stellate ganglion block, blind technique, fluoroscopic technique, sympathetic innervation